Defined as a well-established mass with a still incomplete etiology, hamartoma is a rare benign tumor that contains a mixture of different tissues (fibrous, adipose, glandular, and potentially other) in various proportions [1] [2] [3]. Numerous sites in the body may be the location of its development, including the breast, and between 4-8% of all benign breast lesions, are attributed to hamartomas [3]. This benign tumor has been reported across different age groups after puberty [3] [4], but the majority of patients are women in their 30s and 40s [1] [2] [4] [5]. The clinical presentation is characterized by the presence of a sharply defined, painless, and asymptomatic oval or round-shaped mass in the breast area that is freely palpable [2] [3] [4] [6]. The nodular appearance of the mass is accompanied by its smooth surface and a soft consistency [3]. However, studies show that up to 60% of breast hamartomas are not possible to palpate, and are thus interpreted as subclinical tumors [3]. Hamartomas are most commonly found in the outer quadrants, and it is not uncommon for the diagnosis to be made incidentally during evaluation of other breast-related pathologies [2] [4]. Additional symptoms are not present in the setting of hamartomas, which is one of the main clinical features of this tumor [3]. Furthermore, breast hamartomas are mobile and not attached to the surrounding muscle or skin tissue, which might be an important clinical sign as well [6] [7].

A detailed physical examination, together with a properly obtained patient history, is the first and perhaps most important step in order to make the diagnosis of a breast hamartoma. Adequate palpation of both breasts and the respective quadrants can result in detection of a mass, after which the use of various imaging studies might be employed. Various procedures have been mentioned, one of the more useful being mammography, the gold-standard procedure in the assessment of breast tissue [5] [8]. A nonhomogeneous mass composed of adipose, fibrous and glandular tissue that is often enclosed by a thin capsule is the hallmark of a breast hamartoma on mammography, but the variability in the percentage of fat and glandular/connective tissue might pose a challenge to the physician [1] [2] [8]. For this reason, ultrasonography (US), but also MRI, might be used as adjunctive or even superior methods compared to mammography [1] [5]. Main findings on the US are the absence of a retrotumor acoustic phenomenon, which is frequently found in malignant lesions [2] [8]. On MRI, breast hamartomas are visualized as heterogeneous lesions with a sharp and clearly delineated capsule described as a hypointense rim [1]. As mentioned previously, the distribution and dominance of different tissues may necessitate for a biopsy sample to be obtained, either by a core needle biopsy or a fine needle aspiration (FNAC), both valuable in the workup of this tumor [1] [2] [6].

Treatment for breast fibroadenolipoma is often not necessary unless the mass causes discomfort or cosmetic concerns. In such cases, surgical removal may be considered. The decision to remove the mass is typically based on the patient's symptoms, preferences, and the clinical judgment of the healthcare provider.

The prognosis for breast fibroadenolipoma is excellent, as it is a benign condition with no risk of becoming cancerous. Once diagnosed, it generally does not require ongoing treatment or follow-up unless symptoms develop or change.

The exact cause of breast fibroadenolipoma is not well understood. It is thought to arise from an overgrowth of normal breast tissues, including glandular, fibrous, and fatty components. Hormonal factors may play a role, but more research is needed to clarify the etiology.

Breast fibroadenolipoma is a rare condition, and its exact prevalence is not well documented. It can occur in women of any age but is most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged women. There is no known racial or ethnic predilection.

Pathophysiologically, breast fibroadenolipoma is considered a hamartoma, which is a benign, tumor-like growth made up of an abnormal mixture of tissues and cells normally found in the breast. The mass is composed of varying proportions of glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissues, which contribute to its distinct appearance on imaging studies.

There are no specific measures to prevent breast fibroadenolipoma, as its exact cause is not known. Regular breast examinations and imaging as recommended by healthcare providers can help in early detection and management of any breast abnormalities.

Breast fibroadenolipoma is a benign breast tumor composed of glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissues. It presents as a painless, palpable mass and is typically diagnosed through clinical examination and imaging. Treatment is usually not necessary unless the mass causes symptoms. The prognosis is excellent, with no risk of malignancy.

If you have been diagnosed with breast fibroadenolipoma, it is important to understand that this is a benign condition. It is not cancer and does not increase your risk of developing breast cancer. Most people with this condition do not require treatment unless the mass is causing discomfort or cosmetic concerns. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider can help monitor the condition and address any changes or symptoms that may arise.

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