Patients with corneal burns typically present with symptoms such as eye pain, redness, tearing, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light. In severe cases, there may be swelling of the eyelids and a feeling of having something in the eye. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the cause and extent of the burn.

The workup for a suspected corneal burn involves a thorough eye examination. An ophthalmologist may use a slit lamp, a special microscope, to examine the eye in detail. Fluorescein dye may be applied to the eye to highlight any damage to the cornea. Additional tests may include checking the eye's pH level if a chemical burn is suspected.

Treatment for corneal burns depends on the cause and severity of the injury. Immediate steps often include rinsing the eye with saline or water to remove any irritants. Pain relief may be provided with topical anesthetics or oral medications. Antibiotic eye drops may be prescribed to prevent infection, and in some cases, a bandage contact lens may be used to protect the cornea as it heals. Severe burns may require surgical intervention.

The prognosis for corneal burns varies. Mild burns often heal without long-term effects, especially with prompt treatment. However, severe burns can lead to complications such as scarring, which may impair vision. Regular follow-up with an eye specialist is crucial to monitor healing and address any complications.

Corneal burns can be caused by exposure to chemicals (such as acids or alkalis), heat (from fire or hot liquids), or UV light (from the sun or tanning beds). Chemical burns are particularly concerning, as alkalis can penetrate the cornea more deeply than acids, causing more extensive damage.

Corneal burns are relatively uncommon but can occur in various settings, including workplaces where chemicals are used, during outdoor activities without proper eye protection, or in domestic accidents. They can affect individuals of any age, though certain occupations may have a higher risk.

The pathophysiology of corneal burns involves damage to the corneal epithelium, the outermost layer of the cornea. This damage can disrupt the cornea's protective barrier, leading to inflammation and potential infection. In severe cases, deeper layers of the cornea may be affected, resulting in scarring and vision impairment.

Preventing corneal burns involves using appropriate eye protection in environments where there is a risk of exposure to harmful substances or intense light. This includes wearing safety goggles in industrial settings and UV-blocking sunglasses outdoors. Educating individuals about the risks and first aid measures for eye injuries is also crucial.

Corneal burns are injuries to the eye's surface that can result from chemical, thermal, or UV exposure. They present with symptoms like pain and blurred vision and require prompt medical attention to prevent complications. Treatment focuses on removing the irritant, relieving pain, and preventing infection. The prognosis depends on the severity of the burn and the timeliness of treatment.

If you suspect a corneal burn, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Avoid rubbing the eye and rinse it with clean water or saline if possible. Protect your eyes by wearing appropriate safety gear in risky environments and using sunglasses to shield against UV rays. Regular eye check-ups can help maintain eye health and prevent injuries.