Patients with UARS often experience excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. They may also report frequent awakenings during the night, snoring, and a sensation of choking or gasping. Unlike OSA, UARS does not typically cause significant drops in blood oxygen levels, but it can still lead to poor sleep quality and related symptoms.

Diagnosing UARS can be challenging, as it requires a detailed sleep study known as polysomnography. This test monitors various physiological parameters during sleep, such as airflow, respiratory effort, and brain activity. In UARS, the polysomnography may show increased respiratory effort without the significant oxygen desaturation seen in OSA. A thorough clinical evaluation, including a detailed history and physical examination, is also essential.

Treatment for UARS focuses on improving airflow during sleep and enhancing sleep quality. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy, which delivers a steady stream of air through a mask to keep the airway open, is often effective. Other options include oral appliances that reposition the jaw or tongue, lifestyle changes such as weight loss and avoiding alcohol before bedtime, and positional therapy to prevent sleeping on the back.

With appropriate treatment, individuals with UARS can experience significant improvements in sleep quality and daytime functioning. Untreated UARS, however, can lead to chronic fatigue, impaired cognitive function, and a reduced quality of life. Long-term adherence to treatment is crucial for maintaining these benefits.

The exact cause of UARS is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from anatomical and functional factors that lead to increased airway resistance. These may include a narrow airway, enlarged tonsils, or a deviated nasal septum. Genetic factors and obesity can also contribute to the development of UARS.

UARS is less well-known than OSA, and its prevalence is not as well-documented. It is thought to be more common in women and individuals of normal weight, contrasting with the typical profile of OSA patients. UARS can occur in both children and adults, but it is often underdiagnosed due to its subtle presentation.

In UARS, the upper airway becomes partially narrowed during sleep, increasing the effort required to breathe. This increased effort can lead to frequent arousals from sleep, disrupting the sleep cycle and preventing restorative sleep. Unlike OSA, UARS does not typically cause complete airway collapse or significant drops in blood oxygen levels.

Preventing UARS involves addressing modifiable risk factors. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding alcohol and sedatives before bedtime, and treating nasal congestion or other upper airway issues can help reduce the risk of developing UARS. Regular sleep hygiene practices, such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a comfortable sleep environment, are also beneficial.

Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome is a sleep disorder characterized by increased resistance to airflow during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and daytime fatigue. Diagnosis requires a detailed sleep study, and treatment often involves CPAP therapy or other interventions to improve airflow. With proper management, individuals with UARS can achieve better sleep quality and improved daytime functioning.

If you suspect you have UARS, it's important to discuss your symptoms with a healthcare provider. They may recommend a sleep study to assess your breathing during sleep. Treatment options are available and can significantly improve your quality of life. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and good sleep habits can also help manage symptoms.